Germicide & Algicide

Types of biocides:

1. Oxidative bactericidal and algicidal agents: This type of bactericidal and algicidal agent has strong oxidizing properties and can quickly destroy the cell structure of microorganisms, killing bacteria and algae. Common ones include chlorine gas, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, and ozone. They can release reactive oxygen species in water, which oxidize microbial proteins, nucleic acids, etc., thus achieving the goal of sterilization and algae elimination. However, oxidative fungicides and algaecides may have certain corrosiveness to equipment, and concentration control should be taken into account when using them.

2. Non oxidizing bactericidal and algicidal agents: These bactericidal and algicidal agents do not have oxidizing properties and mainly kill bacteria and algae by changing the permeability of microbial cell membranes or disrupting their metabolic processes. Common ones include quaternary ammonium salts, isothiazolinones, organotin compounds, chlorophenols, etc. Quaternary ammonium salt fungicides have good surface activity and can adsorb onto microbial surfaces, changing the permeability of cell membranes and leading to leakage of cell contents and death; Isothiazolinone has a good killing effect on various bacteria, fungi, and algae, mainly by disrupting the metabolic processes of microorganisms; Chlorophenol is gradually being reduced in use due to its high toxicity and difficulty in biodegradation.

3. Compound bactericidal and algicidal agents: This type of bactericidal and algicidal agent is composed of multiple different types of bactericidal and algicidal agents, which have the advantages of both oxidizing and non oxidizing types, and have a wider range of bactericidal and algicidal effects. At the same time, composite fungicides and algaecides can reduce the use of single components and minimize their impact on the environment.

4. Inorganic bactericidal and algicidal agents: This type of bactericidal and algicidal agent uses inorganic materials as raw materials, such as ferrous sulfate and calcium chloride. They are abundant and inexpensive in nature, but they are prone to precipitation or scaling, and are inherently corrosive, which may cause damage to pipelines during use.

5. Organic fungicides and algaecides: There are many varieties of these fungicides and algaecides, which can be divided into four categories based on their main components: natural plant derived, animal derived, mineral derived, and synthetic polymer derived. Natural plant-based antibiotics have low cost and good efficacy, but animal derived antibiotics have high cost and certain toxic side effects; Mineral source products mainly consist of active ingredients such as chlorine dioxide and calcium hypochlorite; Synthetic polymer products include polyvinylpyrrolidone derivatives and their blends, as well as polyurethane products.